This is the oldest church in the town and it stands 1.5 metres below the level of the piazza. Built in 1082 by Matilde di Canossa, it has a circular plan reminiscent of the Church of the Sacred Sepulchre in Jerusalem. As time went by it gradually became part of the buildings and houses facing the square. It came to light again at the beginning of the 20th century when these buildings were demolished.